Dan leh Hrai

COURT-A THUBUAI AWM THEI TE
- S.T. Ramhmachhuanmawia
Court ah hian thubuai awm thei tam tak a awm avangin a kip a kawi leh a zawnga za chuan kan sawi seng dawn lo a. Court-a thubuai te hi hlawm lian chi hnih - criminal leh civil a then an ni a. Criminal leh civil case te hian a huam zau em avangin tun tumah hian a tlangpui zawr zawr chauh sawi kan tum dawn a ni.
Criminal case:- Criminal case kan tih te chu Indian Penal Code,1860-in a thilsual ni a ziah lan te an ni a. IPC ah hian section 511 zet a awm a, heng section tin ah hian sorkarin thil sual(offence) a a puan leh Danin chung thil ti sualtute a hrem theih dan chiang takin a awm vek ani. Tin, IPC mai bakah hian Criminal Acts te nau tam tak a la awm bawk. Tin criminal court te kalphung hi Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Cr.PC) in a phuar a ni.
Kan hriat tur pawimawh tak chu criminal case ah hian mimal leh mimal an inkhing lova. Sorkarin mimal dan bawh chhia leh thilsual ti tute a khing thin zawk a ni. Criminal case-ah chuan a tuartu (victim) a kha mimal ni mahse, a pawikhawih a kha mipui vantlang (public) pawi anga ngaih a nih avangin sorkarin a khing (prosecute) thin a. Entirna pahnih khat lek lo pe ta ila. Rukruk hi sorkar pawisawina lian tak a ni a. IPC section 380 ang chuan rukru-a man/puh te hi thiamloh chan tir (convict) an nih chuan kum 7 thleng tang tura hrem theih an ni. Court chuan IPC in a sawi ang hian thu tlukna a siam mai dawn a, a thil rukna hnenah khan a thil ruk pe kir leh turin a ti dawn lo ani. Amaherawhchu, police in an man ruala a thilruk an chhuh sak te erawh chu zimmanama hmangin a neitu hnenah an pekir leh ang. IPC in a hranpa taka a thil ruk pekir/rul let tur a ni a tih loh avangin court chuan he lam hawiin thutlukna a siam lovang; tan ina a tan theih zat hun leh a chawi ngai zat pawisa a chawi tir mai dawn a ni. Heta lo lang ta chu criminal case hi mimal leh mimal inkhinna a nih loh avangin a tuartuin a thil hloh kha a hmulet ngei ngei ang tihna a ni lo. Sorkar leh thil ti sualtu inkhinna zawk a nih avangin, sorkar chuan dan ang ngei a hremna pek a duh a, chutiang chuan court in thutlukna siam a tum dawn a ni.
Entirna dang lehah chuan- mi pakhatin tu emaw lo pawngsual ta se, a pawngsualtu hi man a niha court a hruai anih hunah court chuan dan anga hrem theih anih na ang khan a hrem mai dawn a, a pawngsualtu leh a mi pawngsuala te inngaihdamna leh inremna tih vel khan kawng ro a su lem lo. A chhan chu criminal case chu mimal pawisawi chauh ni lovin sorkar pawisawi an nih vang a ni a, a tuartu aiah sorkar chu court hmaah a ding a ni. Chuvang chuan mi tu emaw thil sual ti kan hmu emaw kan hria emaw anih chuan Police hnenah FIR kan thehlut ang a, police in chhan tha tawk awma an hriat chuan an chhui zui ang a, manin court-ah an hruai ang a, a bak chu sorkar lam (prosecution) te tih tur a ni. FIR thehluttu emaw, a tuartu emaw kha a buai zui a ngai tawh lem lo.
Civil case: Civil case erawh chu mimal leh mimal inkhinna a ni a, a hremna pawh a khingtu in a a dil/ ngen zat a ni. Miin a chanvo/ dikna palzut sak nia a inhriat a, chu mi avanga court-a a zualko a, a palzuttu hnen atanga thil phut a neih hi civil case chu a ni a. Inneih leh inthen chung chang te, zangnadawmna (compensation) te, leiba rul tura inkhinna te leh ro chungchanga inkhinna te hi civil case lang sar zual te an ni. Tin, civil court te kalphung hi Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (CPC) chuan a phuar thung.
Criminal leh civil case danglamna ber chu criminal bikah chuan sorkar leh thilsualti a puh (accused) te an inkhing a, civil case ah thung erawh chuan mimal leh mimal an inkhing a ni. Civil case ah hian mimal leh sorkar pawh an inkhing thei tho tih hriat bawk tur a ni. Criminal case ah hian a tuartu leh sorkar aiawhin sorkar ukil (public prosecutor) kan tih maite an ding a, a thilsual titu (accused) erawh hi chuan amahin ukil hran a rawih a ngai a ni. Tin, civil case ah chuan an inkhinga te khan anmahniin ukil an rawih ve ve a ngai thung. Tin, criminal case ah chuan a hremna kha IPC emaw Criminal Dan bu dang emaw in a sawi anga lekkawh thin a ni a, civil case ah erawh chuan Dan bu in chutiang ang zat hremna pek tur tih a awm lova, a khingtu in hremna emaw zangnadawmna a phut ang kha court in a remtihpui ang zelin thutlukna siam a ni thin. Kan hriat thiam dan tur awlsam ber leh dan pangngaia a lan dan chuan police ten case an siam a an chhui thin hi criminal case an ni a, police inrawlh lohna thubuai dangte hi civil case an ni.
Awle, vawi khat maiah chuan kan sawi vek seng lo va. Engpawh nise, kan dikna leh kan chanvo piah lamah kan rama dan awmte leh bawhchhiat palha kan chunga hremna awm theite hi a tlangpui tal kan hriat hi mimal tinte tih tur a ni a. 'hemi thuah hian dan a awm ani tih ka lo hre lo alawm' tih hi court hmaah chuan thu tling a ni lo tih hi hre theuh bawk ila.